Max habtmann



I cal wool dyestufis.

Patented Sept. 6, 1932 UNITED STATES PATE NT OFFICE MAX HABTMANN, OF RIEHEN, NEAR BASE, SWITZERLAND, ASSIGNORTO THE FIRE 0F SOCIETY OF CHEMICAL INDUSTRY IN BASLE, OF

BASEL, SWITZERLAND FIBBOUS MATERIAL AND PROCESS OF MAKING SAME No Drawing. Application filed July 27, 1929, Serial No. 381,8 88, and in Switzerland Auguste, 1928.

The present invention relates to new fibrous materials. It comprises the manufacture of the new fibrous materials, the fibrous materials themselves, and the application thereof in the textile industry, such as for instance for the production of mixed fabrics and multi-colored materials.

It has been found that quite generally new dyeing properties are imparted to fibrous'materials of vegetable, animal, or artificial origin, by treating these materials with organic isocyanates of the general formula R.N=C=O, wherein R is any organic residue in the absence of solvents,

Such organic isocyanates are for example the phenylisocyanates, the naphthyl-isoc anates, the nitro-phenyl-isocyanates, furt er aliphatic isocyanates, such as the methyl or ethyl-isocyanates.

This method is particularly valuable for the treatment of such fibers which, contrary to cellulose ethers and esters, are dyed without dilficulty with dyestuffs containing more than one sulfo grou Such fibers are for instance the fibers o vegetable origin, such as cotton, linen jute, ramie, etc.-, further the artificial fibers from so-called regenerated cellulose (viscose silk and cuprammonium silk), and the fibersof animal origin, such as wool and silk.

For example, by the action of phenylisocyanate on vegetable fiber, such as cotton, in the piece or in the form of yarn, there is obtained a product whose outer structure is retained but whose properties in respect of dyestuffs have been profoundly changed. By this treatment/the cotton loses its afiinity to substantive cotton dyestuffs while it is easily dyed by acetate silk dyesufis, for instance by insoluble azo-dyestuifs and amino-anthraquinones. Like cotton or other vegetable fibers, w

animal fibers, such as wool and silk, can also be treated with isocyanates with retention of their structure but with profound change in the behavior of the treated material towards dyestuffs. Wool loses its The treatment of fibrous materials with organic isocyanates may be performed by aflinity for the typi-' saturating the previously dried goods with the isocyanate and allowing them to remain therein at the ordinar temperature or at araised temperature. atalysts, such as pyridine, zinc chloride or the like, may be added.

, mg process or printing process multi-colored materials are obtained. The possibility of producing such'efiects even exists in the case of piece goods, if the latter have been treated locally with an isocyanate. i

' From the process described in the specification No. 1,357,450 the present invention is distinguished in that the fibrous materials treated are only affected insofar as their physical and chemical properties are concerned, their fibrous structure remaining unchanged, whereas in the known process the purpose was the dissolution of the cellulose and its reprecipitation in the form of a carbamic acid ester. Moreover, the present invention is not limited to cellulose but is applicable also to animal fibers.

- The following examples illustrate the invention:--

Ewample 1 in a vacuum and the yarn is freed by washing with hot alcohol from the residual pyridine and from some diphenyl-urea which has been formed. The yarn is externally uni changed but has increased in weight up to 30 per cent. and has a nitrogen content of 25 per cent. It is strongly dyed b basic dyestuffs without a mordant. Also y acetate silk dyestuffs the mode of dyeing'being similar to that usual for this fiber, whereas direct dyestufi's are scarcely absorbed.

' 1 with exclusion of moisture.

then boiled with alcohol, whereby a product Example 3 Woolen yarn wnich has been dried in a vacuum is saturated with plrenylisocyanate 80 that it contains an equal weight thereof and heated for 48 hours in the water-bath is obtained whose structure is unaltered and which has suffered a considerable increase in weight, for instance up to 50 per cent. This yarn is no longer dyed by acid dyestuffs, such as dyestufi- No. 66, Schultz, Farbstofitabellen, 6th Edition. Example 4 The fiber, treated as described in Example 1, is mixed with 4 arts of untreated cotton and dyed in a dyeath prepared with 2 per cent. of direct dyestuff (such as No. 424, Schultz, Farbstofitabellen, 5th Edition) and per cent. of Glaubers salt (calculated on the total weight of the fibrous material), the dveing being continued for 1 hour at 90 C.

ereas the cotton is dyed as usual a powerful blue, the treated fibers remain nearly Ema/mp1s 5 Goods'treated as described in Example 1 are entered into a dye-bath'which contains 1 w per cent of solid green and .1 per cent. of

acetic acid of 40 per cent, strength, and aiter I hour the tem rature of the bath is grad-' ually raised to 0 C. There is obtained a powerful green dyeing.

Example 7 Wool fiber, treated as descri the same quantity of untreated wool, it so is introduced into a dye-bath containing 2 per cent. of acid-dyestufi for exam le paraaminoacetanilidwacetyl- -acid, Sc ultz, 5th Edition, No. 66), 10 per cent. of Glaubers' 7 salt and 2 er cent. of sulfuricacid at 66 B. as at 95 the treatment lasting for 1 hour.

The yarn is amtgle 3, remains undyed when, in admixture W1 The wool, on the other hand, is dyed a deep blue red.

What I claim is 1. Process of altering the chemical properties of natural fibrous materials, comprising treating fibrous materials with organic isocyanates in the absence of solvents.

2. Process of altering the chemical properties of natural fibrous materials, consisting in treating fibrous materials with organic P isocyanates in the absence of solvents and in the presence of a tertiary base as catalyst.

3. Process of altering the chemical properties of natural .fibrous materials, comprising treating with organic isocyanates in the absence of solvents such fibers which, contrary to esters and ethers of cellulose, can be dyed without difiiculty with dyestufis containing more than one sulfo group.

4. Process of altering the chemical properties of natural fibrous materials, consisting in treatin with organic isocyanates in the absence 0 solvents and in presence of a tertiary base as catalyst such fibers which, contrary to esters and ethers of cellulose, can be dyed without difiiculty with dyestuffs contaimng more than one sulfo group.

5. Process of altering the chemical properties of natural fibrous materials, comprising treating fibers of vegetable origin which, contrary to esters and ethers of cellulose, can

- be dyed without difficulty with dyestufis containing more than one sulfo group, with organic isocynates in the absence of solvents.

6. Process of altering the chemical prop- 10g erties ofnatural fibrous materials, consisting in treating fibers of vegetable origin which, contrary to esters and ethers of cellulose can be dyed without difiiculty with dyestuffs containmg more than one sulfo group, with organic isocynates in the absence of solvents and inpresence of a tertiary base as catalyst.

7. Process of altering'the chemical properties of natural fibrous materials, comprising treating cotton with organic isocyanates in the absence of solvents.

8. Process of; altering the chemical prop-' erties of natural fibrous materials, consisting in treating cotton with organic isocyanates in the absence of solvents and in presence of a tertiary base as catalyst.

9. Process of altering the chemical properties or natural fibrous materials, COIDPIIS- ingtreating cotton with phenyl-isocyanate in the absence of solvents.

' 10. Process of'altering the chemical propertles 01 natural fibrous materials, conslsting in treating cotton with phenyl-isocyanate in the absence of solvents and in presence of a Y tertiary base as catalyst. 125

. In witness whereof I have hereunto signed A my name this 18th day of July, 1929.

MAX HARTMANN. 

